Networked Knowledge Organization Systems Dublin Core Application Profile (NKOS AP)

http://w3id.org/nkos
Title	Networked Knowledge Organization Systems Dublin Core Application Profile (NKOS AP)
Description	This file specifies the set of RDF classes and properties used in NKOS AP.
Creator	Marcia L. Zeng Maja Žumer
Contributor	DCMI NKOS Task Group
Described by	http://nkos.slis.kent.edu/nkos-ap.html
Date Created	2014-04-03
Date Modified	2015-10-03; 2019-11-03
Version	0.2

Introduction | NKOS AP at a glance | Re-used Classes | NKOS AP Properties ||Re-used Properties

Section 1. Introduction

Scope

This file specifies the set of RDF classes and properties used in the "Networked Knowledge Organization Systems Dublin Core Application Profile (NKOS AP)". The metadata schema can be used to describe knowledge organization systems/services (KOS) resources, such as thesauri, classification schemes, subject heading systems, taxonomies, and ontologies that are developed for organizing information and promoting knowledge management.[1] The information about a KOS, including its data model, type, protocol, status, responsible body, available format, affectivity, and other descriptive data are very important to terminology registries, service registries, vocabulary users (machine or human), and retrieval systems. At a minimum level, metadata for KOS resources will describe specific characteristics of a KOS, facilitate the discovery of KOS resources, assist in the evaluation of such resources for a particular application or use, and facilitate sharing, reusing, and collaboration of the KOS resources. This Dublin Core Application Profile for describing KOS resources is developed based on the work the Networked Knowledge Organization Systems (NKOS) community [http://nkos.slis.kent.edu/] has done since 1998.   [1] For the types of KOS resources, consult NKOS-Types vocabulary.

Namespaces used by this AP

adms http://www.w3.org/ns/adms#
dcat http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#
dct http://purl.org/dc/terms/
frbrer http://iflastandards.info/ns/fr/frbr/frbrer/
frsad  http://iflastandards.info/ns/fr/frsad/
nkos http://w3id.org/nkos#
prov http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
wdrs http://www.w3.org/2007/05/powder-s#

NKOS AP at a glance

This section is non-normative.

Classes	dct:Agent , dct:AgentClass , adms:Asset , frbrer:Expression , dct:LinguisticSystem , frbrer:Manifestation , dct:MediaTypeOrExtent, dct:RightsStatement , frsad:Thema , frbrer:Work
Properties -nkos defined:	nkos:alignedWith , nkos:basedOn , nkos:serviceOffered , nkos:sizeNote , nkos:updateFrequency , nkos:usedBy
-reused:	dct:audience , dcat:contactPoint , dct:created , dct:creator , wdrs:describedBy , dct:description , dct:format , dct:identifier , frbrer:isEmbodimentOf , dct:isPartOf , frbrer:isRealizationOf , dct:issued , dct:language , dct:modified , dct:publisher , dct:relation , dct:rights , adms:sample , dct:subject , dct: title , dct:type , prov:wasDerivedFrom

Attributes used for each term in this AP:

Term name: A token appended to the IRI of a namespace to create the IRI of the term. IRI: The Internationalized Resource Identifier used to uniquely identify a term. Label: The human-readable label assigned to the term. Definition: A statement that represents the concept and essential nature of the term, taken from the original namespace. Comment: Additional information about the term or its application, taken from the original namespace. NKOS Usage Note:Additional information about the term or its application made by this AP, for NKOS use. Has Range: A Class of which a value described by the term is an Instance.[1] Ranges are the objects of the statement (i.e. a subject-predicate-object RDF triple), or the expected value.[2] Expected value: A further explanation of the range of properties such as an IRI/structured entity or literal/typed data.[2] Has Domain: A Class of which a resource described by the term is an Instance.[1] It indicates that a property applies to a particular class.  Domains are the subjects of a statement (i.e. a subject-predicate-object RDF triple).[2] [1]According to DCMI Terms http://dublincore.org/documents/dcmi-terms/ [2]According to BIBFRAME Vocabulary http://www.loc.gov/bibframe/docs/vocab-conventions.html

Section 2. Re-used Classes

Agent
Term Name	dct:Agent
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/Agent
Label	Agent
Definition	A resource that acts or has the power to act.
Comment	Examples of Agent include person, organization, and software agent.

Agent Class
Term Name	dct:AgentClass
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/AgentClass/td>
Label	Agent Class
Definition	A group of agents.
Comment	Examples of Agent Class include groups seen as classes, such as students, women, charities, lecturers.

Asset
Term Name	adms:Asset
IRI	http://www.w3.org/ns/adms#Asset
Label	Asset
Definition	An abstract entity that reflects the intellectual content of the asset and represents those characteristics of the asset that are independent of its physical embodiment.
Comment	Assets can be versioned. Every time the intellectual content of an asset changes, the result is considered to be a new asset that can be linked to previous and next versions of the Asset.
NKOS Usage Note	This abstract entity combines the FRBR entities work (a distinct intellectual or artistic creation) and expression (the intellectual or artistic realization of a work) [ FRBR ].

Expression
Term Name	frbrer:Expression
IRI	http://iflastandards.info/ns/fr/frbr/frbrer/C1002
Label	Expression
Definition	The intellectual or artistic realization of a work in the form of alpha-numeric, musical, or choreographic notation, sound, image, object, movement, etc., or any combination of such forms.
NKOS Usage Note	A particular version of the KOS, such as in a particular language or an abridgment.

Linguistic System
Term Name	dct:LinguisticSystem
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/LinguisticSystem
Label	Linguistic System
Definition	A system of signs, symbols, sounds, gestures, or rules used in communication.
Comment	Examples include written, spoken, sign, and computer languages.

Manifestation
Term Name	frbrer:Manifestation
IRI	http://iflastandards.info/ns/fr/frbr/frbrer/C1003
Label	Manifestation
Definition	The physical embodiment of an expression of a work.
NKOS Usage Note	Examples are: the printed edition of a thesaurus' 2010 English version, the SKOS Linked Data representation of the same version.

Media Type
Term Name	dct:MediaTypeOrExtent
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/MediaType
Label	Media Type
Definition	A file format or physical medium.

Rights Statement
Term Name	dct:RightsStatement
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/RightsStatement
Label	Rights Statement
Definition	A statement about the intellectual property rights (IPR) held in or over a Resource, a legal document giving official permission to do something with a resource, or a statement about access rights.

Thema
Term Name	frsad:Thema
IRI	http://iflastandards.info/ns/fr/frsad/C1001
Label	Thema
Definition	Any entity used as a subject of a work.
NKOS Usage Note	A subject domain to which the KOS belongs. It can be a broad subject or any number of narrower subjects. Suggest to use a controlled vocabulary for those subjects.

Work
Term Name	frbrer:Work
IRI	http://iflastandards.info/ns/fr/frbr/frbrer/C1001
Label	Work
Definition	A distinct intellectual or artistic creation.
NKOS Usage Note	Usually a KOS as a whole is a work, e.g., ASIS&T Thesaurus.

Section 3. NKOS AP Properties

Aligned with
Term Name	fnkos:alignedWith
IRI	http://w3id.org/nkos#alignedWith
Label	Aligned With
Definition	A related resource with which the described resource is aligned.
Has Domain	frbrer:Expression
Has Range	frbrer:Expression
Expected value	IRI of an expression

Based on
Term Name	nkos:basedOn
IRI	http://w3id.org/nkos#basedOn
Label	Based On
Definition	A resource used as the source for a derivative resource.
Has Domain	frbrer:Work
Has Range	frbrer:Work
Expected value	IRI of a work

Service offered
Term Name	nkos:serviceOffered
IRI	http://w3id.org/nkos#serviceOffered
Label	Service Offered
Definition	Services provided to users for the described resources.
Has Domain	frbrer:Manifestation
NKOS Usage Note	Example: download, extract, query, annotation.
Has Range	rdfs:Literal
Expected value	literal

Size Note
Term Name	nkos:sizeNote
IRI	http://w3id.org/nkos#sizeNote
Label	Size Note
Definition	Number of concepts, terms, or other semantic units included in a KOS.
Has Domain	frbrer:Expression
Has Range	rdfs:Literal
Expected value	literal

Used By
Term Name	nkos:usedBy
IRI	http://w3id.org/nkos#usedBy
Label	Used By
Definition	Agent using the described KOS.
Has Domain	frbrer:Work frbrer:Expression
Has Range	Agent Class
Expected value	IRI of an agent

Update Frequency
Term Name	nkos:updateFrequency
IRI	http://w3id.org/nkos#updateFrequency
Label	Update Frequency
Definition	The period in which a KOS is typically updated.
Comment	Suggest using DCMI Collection Description Frequency Vocabulary. (http://dublincore.org/groups/collections/frequency/) .
Has Domain	frbrer:Expression
Has Range	rdfs:Literal
Expected value	literal

Section 4. Re-used Properties

Audience
Term Name	dct:audience
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/audience
Label	Audience
Definition	A class of entity for whom the resource is intended or useful.
Has Domain	frbrer:Expression frbrer:Manifestation frbrer:Work
NKOS Usage Note	Recommend using a controlled vocabulary.
Has Range	Agent Class
Expected value	IRI of an agent class.

Contact
Term Name	dcat:contactPoint
IRI	http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#contactPoint
Label	Contact
Definition	Links an asset to a contact point from where further information about an Asset can be obtained.
Has Domain	frbrer:Expression frbrer:Manifestation
Has Range	rdfs:Literal
Expected value	literal

Date Created
Term Name	dct:created
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/created
Label	Date Created
Definition	Date of creation of the resource.
Has Domain	frbrer:Expression frbrer:Work
NKOS Usage Note	Core element. For the date of a manifestation, use dct:issued
Has Range	rdfs:Literal
Expected value	literal

Creator
Term Name	dct:creator
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator
Label	Creator
Definition	An entity primarily responsible for making the resource.
Comment	Examples of a Creator include a person, an organization, or a service.
Has Domain	frbrer:Work frbrer:Expression frbrer:Manifestation
NKOS Usage Note	Core element
Has Range	Agent
Expected value	IRI of an Agent

Described by
Term Name	wdrs:describedBy
IRI	http://www.w3.org/2007/05/powder-s#describedby
Label	Described by
Definition	The relationship A 'describedby' B asserts that resource B provides a description of resource A.
Comment	There are no constraints on the format or representation of either A or B, neither are there any further constraints on either resource.
Has Domain	frbrer:Expression frbrer:Work frbrer:Manifestation
Has Range	frbrer:Work frbrer:Expression
Expected value	IRI of a work; IRI of an expression

Description
Term Name	dct:description
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/description
Label	Description
Definition	An account of the resource.
Comment	Description may include but is not limited to: an abstract, a table of contents, a graphical representation, or a free-text account of the resource.
Has Domain	frbrer:Expression frbrer:Work frbrer:Manifestation
Has Range	rdfs:Literal
Expected value	literal

Format
Term Name	dct:format
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/format
Label	Format
Definition	The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource.
Comment	Examples of dimensions include size and duration. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the list of Internet Media Types [MIME] http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/.
Has Domain	frbrer:Manifestation
Has Range	dc:MediaTypeOrExtent
Expected value	literal

Identifier
Term Name	dct:identifier
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier
Label	Identifier
Definition	An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context.
Comment	Recommended best practice is to identify the resource by means of a string conforming to a formal identification system.
Has Domain	frbrer:Work frbrer:Expression frbrer:Manifestation
NKOS Usage Note	Core element
Has Range	rdfs:Literal
Expected value	identifier

Is embodiment of
Term Name	frbrer:isEmbodimentOf
IRI	http://iflastandards.info/ns/fr/frbr/frbrer/P2004
Label	Is embodiment of
Definition	Relates a manifestation to an expression that is embodied in the manifestation.
Has Domain	frbrer:Manifestation
NKOS Usage Note	Core element
Has Range	frbrer:Expression
Expected value	IRI of an expression

Is Part Of
Term Name	dct:isPartOf
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/isPartOf
Label	Is Part Of
Definition	A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Has Domain	frbrer:Manifestation frbrer:Expression frbrer:Work
NKOS Usage Note	A related KOS, in which the described KOS is logically included. This is different from nkos:basedOn relationship type. Consult KOS Relation Vocabulary for examples and possible extended properties http://wiki.dublincore.org/index.php/NKOS_Vocabularies .
Has Range	frbrer:Expression frbrer:Work frbrer:Manifestation
Expected value	IRI of a work; IRI of an expression; IRI of a manifestation

Is Realization Of
Term Name	frbrer:isRealizationOf
IRI	http://iflastandards.info/ns/fr/frbr/frbrer/P2002
Label	Is Realization Of
Definition	Relates an expression to the work that is realized through the expression.
Has Domain	frbrer:Expression
NKOS Usage Note	Core element
Has Range	frbrer:Work
Expected value	IRI of a work

Date Issued
Term Name	dct:issued
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/issued
Label	Date Issued
Definition	Date of formal issuance (e.g., publication) of the resource.
Has Domain	frbrer:Manifestation
NKOS Usage Note	Core element
Has Range	rdfs:Literal
Expected value	literal

Language
Term Name	dct:language
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/language
Label	Language
Definition	A language of the resource.
Comment	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as RFC 4646 [RFC4646].
Has Domain	frbrer:Expression
Has Range	Linguistic System
Expected value	language code

Date Modified
Term Name	dct:modified
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/modified
Label	Date Modified
Definition	Date on which the resource was changed.
Has Domain	frbrer:Expression frbrer:Manifestation
Has Range	rdfs:Literal
Expected value	literal

Publisher
Term Name	dct:publisher
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/publisher
Label	Publisher
Definition	An entity responsible for making the resource available.
Comment	Examples of a Publisher include a person, an organization, or a service.
Has Domain	frbrer:Manifestation
Has Range	Agent
Expected value	IRI of an agent

Relation
Term Name	dct:relation
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/relation
Label	Relation
Definition	A related resource.
Comment	Recommended best practice is to identify the related resource by means of a string conforming to a formal identification system.
Has Domain	frbrer:Manifestation frbrer:Expression frbrer:Work
Has Range	frbrer:Manifestation frbrer:Work frbrer:Expression
Expected value	IRI of a work; IRI of an expression; IRI of a manifestation

Rights
Term Name	dct:rights
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/rights
Label	Rights
Definition	Information about rights held in and over the resource.
Comment	Typically, rights information includes a statement about various property rights associated with the resource, including intellectual property rights.
Has Domain	frbrer:Expression frbrer:Manifestation frbrer:Work
Has Range	Rights Statement
Expected value	rights statement

Sample
Term Name	adms:sample
IRI	http://www.w3.org/ns/adms#sample
Label	Sample
Definition	Links to a sample of an Asset (which is itself an Asset).
Has Domain	frbrer:Expression
NKOS Usage Note	A link to a fragment of the resource.
Has Range	frbrer:Expression
Expected value	IRI of an expression

Subject
Term Name	dct:subject
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject
Label	Subject
Definition	The topic of the resource.
Comment	Typically, the subject will be represented using keywords, key phrases, or classification codes. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Has Domain	frbrer:Work
NKOS Usage Note	Core element
Has Range	frbrer:Thema
Expected value	IRI of a thema

Title
Term Name	dct:title
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/title
Label	Title
Definition	A name given to the resource.
Has Domain	frbrer:Manifestation frbrer:Expression frbrer:Work
NKOS Usage Note	Core element
Has Range	rdfs:Literal
Expected value	literal

Type
Term Name	dct:type
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/type
Label	Type
Definition	The nature or genre of the resource.
Comment	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary. To describe the file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource, use the Format element.
Has Domain	frbrer:Work
NKOS Usage Note	Type of knowledge organization system or structure. Recommend use of KOS Types Vocabulary [http://w3id.org/nkos/nkostype ]. Core element.
Has Range	rdfs:Class
Expected value	IRI of a KOS type

Derived From
Term Name	prov:wasDerivedFrom
IRI	http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom
Label	Derived From
Definition	A derivation is a transformation of an entity into another, an update of an entity resulting in a new one, or the construction of a new entity based on a pre-existing entity.
Has Domain	frbrer:Expression
NKOS Usage Note	Derived From covers relationships between resources such as translation-of, abridgement-of, extension-of, and version-of. It is different from Part Of relationship type. Consult KOS Relation Vocabulary for examples and possible extended properties http://wiki.dublincore.org/index.php/NKOS_Vocabularies .
Has Range	frbrer:Expression
Expected value	IRI of an expression